Immunology is a branch of biomedical science that covers the study of immune systems in all organisms. It charts, measures, and contextualizes the physiological functioning of the immune system in states of both health and diseases; malfunctions of the immune system in immunological disorders such as autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivities, immune deficiency, and transplant rejection; the physical, chemical and physiological characteristics of the components of the immune system in vitro, in situ, and in vivo. Immunology has applications in numerous disciplines of medicine, particularly in the fields of organ transplantation, oncology, virology, bacteriology, parasitology, psychiatry, and dermatology.
Immunity is a particular type of resistance developed throughout one’s life via contact with a particular foreign material. It usually has only protective role against a particular infection or toxin which has stimulated the immunity. This immunity retains the protective role against the immune-stimulating factor for a long time. Immunology Ph.D. program is a branch of Basic Medical Sciences which studies immune reactions, and is comprised of a coordinated set of educational and research activities. Graduates of this program conduct fundamental and practical research, teach related studies, and provide the society with health diagnosis services in Immunology.